This Article Full Text (PDF) References Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Alert me to new issues of the journal Add to Saved Citations Download to citation manager Request Permissions Request Reprints Add to My Marked Citations Citing Articles Citing Articles via Google Scholar Citing Articles via Scopus Google Scholar Articles by Laughlin, J. Articles by Gold, R. E. Search for Related Content Social Bookmarking                         What's this?

Water Hardness, Detergent Type, and Prewash Product Use as Factors Affecting Methyl Parathion Residue Retained in Protective Apparel Fabrics

Department of Textiles, Clothing and Design, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583

Roger E. Gold

Department of Entomology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of water hardness, detergent type, and prewash product on methyl parathion residue remaining in fabric after laundering. Measured water hardness had not been included as a variable in earlier studies. Its effect is particularly important as water hardness may interfere with the cleaning effectiveness of the detergent, the detersive action of an anionic product being reduced more than that of a nonionic product. The factorial design included (a) two detergents (nonionic and anionic) (b) a prewash product (laundered with or without) (c) fabric finish (unfinished or repellent finished) and (d) five levels of water hardness (0, 300, 600, 900, and 1200ppm). Unlaundered 8 X 8 cm specimens were spiked with 0.2 ml of methyl parathion. Residue was extracted following laundering and quantity remaining was determined by gas chromatography.

The results showed that the repellent finish was effective in limiting methyl parathion absorption. After laundering, residues were greater for a soil-repellent finished fabric than the unfinished fabric even though the initial contamination was lower for the soil-repellent finished fabric. As level of water hardness increased, residue retained increased. The anionic phosphate detergent was less efficient in methyl parathion removal than was heavy duty liquid detergent; however, use of a prewash product before laundering with the anionic detergent resulted in residues on unfinished specimens at levels similar to those for the heavy duty liquid detergent.

Clothing and Textiles Research Journal, Vol. 8, No. 4, 61-67 (1990)
DOI: 10.1177/0887302X9000800410


CiteULike    Complore    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    Twitter    What's this?