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Clothing and Textiles Research Journal
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The Retail Environment: Relationship of Tension and Social Support

Wendy S. Wolken

Department of Human Enviroiiment and Design, 204 Human Ecology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1030

Linda K. Good

Department of Human Enviroiiment and Design, 204 Human Ecology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1030

Sales associates and managers from branches of two department stores were surveyed (n = 193) to determine to what extent tension exists and what source (or combination of sources) of social support is perceived to influence the interaction of life domains. Role theory was used to guide the study. Study variables included: tension, sources of social support (supervisors, family, coworkers), role stressors (role conflict, role ambiguity, role overload), and selected demographic characteristics. Results indicated that role conflict, role overload, number of children, and role ambiguity were significant predictors of tension. Social support from supervisors and coworkers was found to be significantly related to tension. Specifically, for employees experiencing low levels of tension, there were no differences in the level of social support from supervisors and coworkers; for those experiencing high levels of tension, there was significantly more coworker support than supervisor support. Support from familylfriends was not found to be significant in influencing tension for either of the two groups. No difference was identified between men and women as to sources of social support.

Key Words: social support • tension • retail employees • stress

Clothing and Textiles Research Journal, Vol. 13, No. 4, 280-288 (1995)
DOI: 10.1177/0887302X9501300409
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